If my memory serves me well, I believe this poem is a favourite of Jason at
Literature Frenzy and it was his love of it that inspired me to include it in my
Deal Me In Challenge. Without this inspiration, it would probably still be unread, as Keats, for some reason, intimidates my uneducated poetic sensibilities.
Ode to a
Nightingale
My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains
My
sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk,
Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains
One
minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk:
'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot,
But
being too happy in thine happiness,—
That thou, light-winged Dryad of the trees
In
some melodious plot
Of
beechen green, and shadows numberless,
Singest of summer in full-throated ease.
O, for a draught of vintage! that hath been
Cool'd
a long age in the deep-delved earth,
Tasting of Flora and the country green,
Dance,
and Provençal song, and sunburnt mirth!
O for a beaker full of the warm South,
Full
of the true, the blushful Hippocrene,
With beaded bubbles winking at the brim,
And
purple-stained mouth;
That
I might drink, and leave the world unseen,
And with thee fade away into the forest dim:
Fade far away, dissolve, and quite forget
What
thou among the leaves hast never known,
The weariness, the fever, and the fret
Here,
where men sit and hear each other groan;
Where palsy shakes a few, sad, last gray hairs,
Where
youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies;
Where but to think is to be full of sorrow
And
leaden-eyed despairs,
Where
Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes,
Or new Love pine at them beyond to-morrow.
Away! away! for I will fly to thee,
Not
charioted by Bacchus and his pards,
But on the viewless wings of Poesy,
Though
the dull brain perplexes and retards:
Already with thee! tender is the night,
And
haply the Queen-Moon is on her throne,
Cluster'd around by all her starry Fays;
But
here there is no light,
Save
what from heaven is with the breezes blown
Through verdurous glooms and winding mossy ways.
I cannot see what flowers are at my feet,
Nor
what soft incense hangs upon the boughs,
But, in embalmed darkness, guess each sweet
Wherewith
the seasonable month endows
The grass, the thicket, and the fruit-tree wild;
White
hawthorn, and the pastoral eglantine;
Fast fading violets cover'd up in leaves;
And
mid-May's eldest child,
The
coming musk-rose, full of dewy wine,
The murmurous haunt of flies on summer eves.
Darkling I listen; and, for many a time
I
have been half in love with easeful Death,
Call'd him soft names in many a mused rhyme,
To
take into the air my quiet breath;
Now more than ever seems it rich to die,
To
cease upon the midnight with no pain,
While thou art pouring forth thy soul abroad
In
such an ecstasy!
Still
wouldst thou sing, and I have ears in vain—
To thy high requiem become a sod.
Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird!
No
hungry generations tread thee down;
The voice I hear this passing night was heard
In
ancient days by emperor and clown:
Perhaps the self-same song that found a path
Through
the sad heart of Ruth, when, sick for home,
She stood in tears amid the alien corn;
The
same that oft-times hath
Charm'd
magic casements, opening on the foam
Of perilous seas, in faery lands forlorn.
Forlorn! the very word is like a bell
To
toll me back from thee to my sole self!
Adieu! the fancy cannot cheat so well
As
she is fam'd to do, deceiving elf.
Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthem fades
Past
the near meadows, over the still stream,
Up the hill-side; and now 'tis buried deep
In
the next valley-glades:
Was
it a vision, or a waking dream?
Fled is that music:—Do I wake or sleep?
 |
Illustration of Poem
W.J. Neatby
source Wikipedia |
Keats initially uses extreme contrasts of his dulled, poisoned senses to the happy nightingale, its song urging him out of his despair; one wonders if it will completely succeed. In the second stanza the poet relates his desire for wine. Why? Because wine is made from grapes, will it allow him to meld more with nature, or does he simply want to get intoxicated to forget his troubles? He admits then that he wishes to escape the suffering of life and expresses regret at the transience of youth and life. Ah, now he claims that he won't reach the nightingale through wine but poetry, and expresses almost a dualism in that his brain is dull perhaps still with care, yet he is already with the joyous nightingale. The fifth stanza is even more curious. Though he is in the forest with the nightingale, he cannot see the beauty there, as if he can only get glimpes as he is unable to liberate himself from life's hardship. The poet admits to being "half in love with .... Death," ---- I had thought the poet was equating the nightingale's song with joy, but now he appears to be marrying it with death. Is this part of his confusion or something deeper that I'm missing? Yet if he dies, he will cease to hear the song, so perhaps he realizes the dilemma. The poet then equates the nightingale with immortality and, as we've read, the bird almost transcends earthly constraints; its song has been a continuous joy in a temporal world. But alas, the poet is recalled to his sad state, the nightingale's song abandons him and he is left to wonder if his whole experience was real or a dream.
 |
Portrait of Keats listening to a nightingale (1845)
Joseph Severn
source Wikipedia |
This was certainly a difficult poem for a rank amateur. The themes I could pick up were isolation, death, a transcendent joy that perhaps may be unreachable at least for the poet, abandonment, disconnection, transience of life, and a longing for something beyond this life.
As I was reading, I wondered if the poet was trying to match his creative expression with the nightingale's song. It would seem impossible to create at the level of God, but I felt such inspiration in the poem, almost as if Keats was trying to create the poem as intensely as the poet of the poem was wishing to escape earthly adversity.
I'm no expert, but this poem seems to pair well with Percy Bysshe Shelley's
To A Skylark, which O reviewed recently on her blog
Behold the Stars. Both poets put nature front and centre, but Shelley has a much more positive outlook, while Keats' poem is filled with more nuanced emotions and contradictions. The similarities and contrasts between the two are intriguing.
Deal Me In Challenge #9 - Ace of Diamonds
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